CRISPR Systems: RNA-Guided Defence Mechanisms in Bacteria and Archaea
نویسندگان
چکیده
Viruses are responsible for 4 to 50% destruction of bacterial and archaeal communities (Breitbart and Rohwer, 2005; Rohwer and Thurber, 2009) and the selective pressures imposed by these rapidly evolving viruses (parasites) has driven the diversification of microbial defence systems. Previously our understanding of antiviral immune systems in bacteria has focused on encounter blocks, adsorption resistance, penetration blocks, abortive infection, restriction modification, phage growth limitation systems (Hyman and Abedon, 2010; Labrie et al., 2010). Now, our understanding has been expanded to include the CRISPR systems of Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats. These CRISPR systems are essential International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 4 Number 6 (2015) pp. 187-200 http://www.ijcmas.com
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